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'''BRAUNSCHWEIG''' | '''BRAUNSCHWEIG''' | ||
State : [[Niedersachsen]]<br/> | State : [[Niedersachsen]]<br/> | ||
Urban district (Kreisfreie Stadt) : Braunschweig<br/> | Urban district (Kreisfreie Stadt) : Braunschweig<br/> | ||
Additions : 1931 [[Veltenhof]]; 1934 [[Gliesmarode]], [[Lehndorf]], [[Melverode]], [[Ölper]], [[Querum]], [[Riddagshausen]], [[Rühme]]; 1974 [[Bevenrode]], [[Bienrode]], [[Broitzem]], [[Dibbesdorf]], [[Geitelde]], [[Harxbüttel]], [[Hondelage]], [[Klein Stöckheim]], [[Lamme]], [[Leiferde (Braunschweig)|Leiferde]], [[Mascherode]], [[Rautheim]], [[Rüningen]], [[Schapen (Braunschweig)|Schapen]], [[Stiddien]], [[Thune]], [[Timmerlah]], [[Völkenrode]], [[Volkmarode]], [[Waggum]], [[Watenbüttel]], [[Wenden (Braunschweig)|Wenden]] | Additions: 1931 [[Veltenhof]]; 1934 [[Gliesmarode]], [[Lehndorf]], [[Melverode]], [[Ölper]], [[Querum]], [[Riddagshausen]], [[Rühme]]; 1974 [[Bevenrode]], [[Bienrode]], [[Broitzem]], [[Dibbesdorf]], [[Geitelde]], [[Harxbüttel]], [[Hondelage]], [[Klein Stöckheim]], [[Lamme]], [[Leiferde (Braunschweig)|Leiferde]], [[Mascherode]], [[Rautheim]], [[Rüningen]], [[Schapen (Braunschweig)|Schapen]], [[Stiddien]], [[Thune]], [[Timmerlah]], [[Völkenrode]], [[Volkmarode]], [[Waggum]], [[Watenbüttel]], [[Wenden (Braunschweig)|Wenden]] | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
Arms of districts that were never a separate municipality : [[Heidberg]], [[Schunteraue]], [[Schwarzer Berg]], [[Weststadt]] | Arms of districts that were never a separate municipality : [[Heidberg]], [[Schunteraue]], [[Schwarzer Berg]], [[Weststadt]] | ||
[[File:braunsch.jpg|center|Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}]] | [[File:braunsch.jpg|center|350 px|Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}/Coat of arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] | ||
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===Origin/meaning=== | |||
The arms were officially granted on | The arms were officially granted on | ||
The arms show the lion of the Welfen dynasty and especially symbolise Heinrich des Löwen (Henry the lion) from the 12<sup>th</sup> century. The city was a stronghold of the Welfen dynasty. The oldest seal of the city, known from 1231 already shows a lion. A later seal places the lion in a church portal, but mostly the seals show only a lion. The colours are first mentioned in a manuscript from 1366, and are the colours of the Hanseatic League of cities of which Braunschweig was a member. | The arms show the lion of the Welfen dynasty and especially symbolise Heinrich des Löwen (Henry the lion) from the 12<sup>th</sup> century. The city was a stronghold of the Welfen dynasty. The oldest seal of the city, known from 1231 already shows a lion. A later seal places the lion in a church portal, but mostly the seals show only a lion. The colours are first mentioned in a manuscript from 1366, and are the colours of the Hanseatic League of cities of which Braunschweig was a member. | ||
The arms were officially granted in 1438 by King Albrecht II and have not really changed since. In 1963 the arms were reconfirmed. | The arms were officially granted in 1438 by King Albrecht II and have not really changed since. In 1963 the arms were reconfirmed. | ||
===Image gallery=== | |||
<gallery widths=250px heights=200px perrow=0> | |||
| | File:braunschweigz2.jpg|alt=Wappen von Braunschweig/Arms (crest) of Braunschweig|Seal from 1231 | ||
| | File:Braunschweigjr.jpg|alt=Wappen von Braunschweig/Arms (crest) of Braunschweig|The arms in the Armorial Jörg Rügen (1495) | ||
| | File:Braunschweig1500.jpg|alt=Wappen von Braunschweig/Arms (crest) of Braunschweig|The arms around 1500 | ||
File:Braunschweig1514.jpg|alt=Wappen von Braunschweig/Arms (crest) of Braunschweig|The arms in a manuscript from 1514 | |||
File:Braunschweigc1.jpg|alt=Wappen von Braunschweig/Arms (crest) of Braunschweig|The arms on a 1568 coin | |||
File:Braunschweig16.jpg|alt=Wappen von Braunschweig/Arms (crest) of Braunschweig|The arms in a [[:Category:Windhag city arms|16th century manuscript]] | |||
File:braunschweigz1.jpg|alt=Wappen von Braunschweig/Arms (crest) of Braunschweig|Seal from around 1900 | |||
File:braunschweig.hagd.jpg|alt=Wappen von Braunschweig/Arms (crest) of Braunschweig|The arms by [[Otto Hupp|Hupp]] in the [[Kaffee Hag albums]] +/- 1925 | |||
File:braunschweig2.jpg|alt=Wappen von Braunschweig/Arms (crest) of Braunschweig|The arms as shown around 1900 | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Weichbilde/historical boroughs== | ==Weichbilde/historical boroughs== | ||
| Line 36: | Line 48: | ||
===Hagen=== | ===Hagen=== | ||
[[File:bs-hagen.jpg|center|Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}]] | [[File:bs-hagen.jpg|center|alt=Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}/Arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] | ||
Hagen used the lion of the main city, with a wheel on its shoulder. The wheel is the symbol of St. Catherine, patron saint of the quarter. The arms appear on the local fountain dating from 1407. Whether the arms were made at the time the fountain was made, however, is not known. The oldest confirmed use dates from the 17<sup>th</sup> century. | Hagen used the lion of the main city, with a wheel on its shoulder. The wheel is the symbol of St. Catherine, patron saint of the quarter. The arms appear on the local fountain dating from 1407. Whether the arms were made at the time the fountain was made, however, is not known. The oldest confirmed use dates from the 17<sup>th</sup> century. | ||
===Neustadt=== | ===Neustadt=== | ||
[[File:bs-neust.jpg|center|Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}]] | [[File:bs-neust.jpg|center|alt=Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}/Arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] | ||
Neustadt also used the lion as the main charge. Here the lion was shown with a small anchor on its shoulder. As no historical seals of the Neustadt are known, the oldest use of the arms is only confirmed from 1571. The anchor most likely was a symbol for the shipping on the Oker river, which was of great importance to the local economy. The anchor is also one of the symbols of St. Nicholas, the patron saint of the parish. | Neustadt also used the lion as the main charge. Here the lion was shown with a small anchor on its shoulder. As no historical seals of the Neustadt are known, the oldest use of the arms is only confirmed from 1571. The anchor most likely was a symbol for the shipping on the Oker river, which was of great importance to the local economy. The anchor is also one of the symbols of St. Nicholas, the patron saint of the parish. | ||
===Altewiek=== | ===Altewiek=== | ||
[[File:bs-altew.jpg|center|Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}]] | [[File:bs-altew.jpg|center|alt=Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}/Arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] | ||
Altewiek only used a lion's head, not the whole lion. The oldest use of the head dates from a document from 1445, where the head can be seen on the local seal. As proper arms the head is only known since 1647. The use of only the head instead of the whole lion, was not typical, many members of the Welfen family also used only the head. | Altewiek only used a lion's head, not the whole lion. The oldest use of the head dates from a document from 1445, where the head can be seen on the local seal. As proper arms the head is only known since 1647. The use of only the head instead of the whole lion, was not typical, many members of the Welfen family also used only the head. | ||
===Sack=== | ===Sack=== | ||
[[File:bs-sack.jpg|center|Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}]] | [[File:bs-sack.jpg|center|alt=Wappen von {{PAGENAME}}/Arms (crest) of {{PAGENAME}}]] | ||
Sack is the youngest of the 5 quarters but has the oldest surviving seal. It dates from 1339 and showed two leopards, taken again from the arms of the Welfen family. Nevertheless, the image of the main statue in the city, showing the lion as a monument, finally became the arms of the quarter. These arms are known since the middle of the 16<sup>th</sup> century. | Sack is the youngest of the 5 quarters but has the oldest surviving seal. It dates from 1339 and showed two leopards, taken again from the arms of the Welfen family. Nevertheless, the image of the main statue in the city, showing the lion as a monument, finally became the arms of the quarter. These arms are known since the middle of the 16<sup>th</sup> century. | ||
{{de}} | |||
{{media}} | {{media}} | ||
[[Civic Heraldry Literature - Germany|Literature]] : Stadler, 1964-1971, 8 volumes; Rabbow, 1985 | [[Civic Heraldry Literature - Germany|'''Literature''']]: Stadler, 1964-1971, 8 volumes; Rabbow, 1985 | ||
[[Category:German Municipalities B]] | [[Category:German Municipalities B]] | ||